CNC machine tool is the abbreviation of Computer numerical control machine tools. It is a new type of highly automated machine tool and is the application of automation control principles in machine tools. It realizes complex, precise, small batch and multi-variety parts processing. It is a flexible and high-efficiency automatic machine tool, which represents the development direction of modern machine tool control technology.
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There are many types of CNC machine tools, and CNC machine tools can be classified in different ways: by lathe model, processing method, process use, motion control method, etc.
1. Classification by CNC lathe model:
Such as CJK6130 CNC lathe: C means lathe, J means economical, 6 horizontal lathe groups, 1 means horizontal lathe system, 30 means the maximum diameter of the processed parts is 300 mm
X means milling machine, H means machining center, A means modification, Z drilling machine, T means boring machine, M, 2M, 3M grinding machine, Y gear processing machine, S thread processing machine, B planer, L broaching machine, D electric machining Machine tools, G cutting machine tools, Q other machine tools.
2. Classification according to processing methods and technological uses
1. Ordinary CNC machine tools
Ordinary CNC machine tools generally refer to automatic machine tools that realize digital control in a process in the processing process, such as CNC milling machines, CNC lathes, CNC drilling machines, CNC grinding machines, and CNC gear processing machine tools.The degree of automation of ordinary CNC machine tools is not perfect enough, and the replacement of tools and the clamping of parts still need to be completed manually.
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2. Machining center
The machining center is a CNC machine tool with a tool magazine and an automatic tool changer. It combines the functions of a CNC milling machine, a CNC boring machine, and a CNC drilling machine. After a part is clamped, most of its processing surfaces can be milled and boring. , Drilling, expansion, reaming and tapping and other multi-process processing.
Since the machining center can effectively avoid positioning errors caused by multiple installations, it is suitable for products with frequent product changes, complex parts shapes, high precision requirements, small production batches and short production cycles.
3. Classification by sport
1. Point-to-point control CNC machine tools
Point control means that the numerical control system only controls the accurate positioning of the tool or table from one point to another point, and then performs fixed-point processing, while the path between points does not need to be controlled.CNC drilling machines, CNC boring machines and CNC coordinate boring machines are used for this type of control.
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2. Point-to-point linear control CNC machine tools
Point-to-point linear control means that the CNC system not only controls the accurate positioning of the starting point and end point of the linear trajectory, but also controls the linear cutting between these two points at a specified feed speed.CNC milling machines, CNC lathes and CNC grinding machines are used for this type of control.
3. Contour control CNC machine tools
Also known as continuous trajectory control, it can continuously control the combined motion of two or more coordinate directions.In order to make the tool process the curved contour of the workpiece according to the specified trajectory, the numerical control device has the function of interpolation operation, so that the movement trajectory of the tool can approach the specified contour curve with the smallest error, and coordinate the movement speed of each coordinate direction so that the cutting process Always maintain the specified feed rate.
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